Overview on diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases in the Qing Royal Court / 中华口腔医学杂志

The remained documents and archives show that the history of diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases in royal court of the Qing Dynasty was over 200 years. The departmental system of medical care in the Qing Royal Court was inherited from former Ming Dynasty. Although the departments in the system changed over reigns, the Department of Dentistry exist all the time. In a set of historical records of 38 medical cases opened to the public, the documented symptoms and diseases, in the sense of modern medical science, included periodontitis, oral mucosal diseases, dental caries, parotiditis, etc., and the patients involved various ranks in the court, showing that oral diseases were common in the Qing Royal Court. The royal doctors ranked variedly and the medication they used was diverse. Medical fuming or steaming and medical heating were some distinctive methods among the treatments. In 1600s, the western modern medical science started to be introduced into China. In the reign of Kangxi Emperor (1700s), many western doctors were employed by the royal court and they engaged in the treatment of oral diseases. The late Qing Dynasty appeared the second peak that western doctors came into China. In 1898, Dr. Jingrong Chen, a dentist who possessed knowledge of modern dentistry in Beijing city, set up a dental clinic in the royal court and gave treatment to patients in the royal members and high-ranking officials.

Suspension with repose system in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce the treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) with Repose bone screw system and to evaluate the treating effect.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two patients with severe OSAHS (Friedman classification II, III) were treated with tongue ablation + uvulopalatopharyngoplasty + hard palate shortening + Repose suspension. All patients were followed-up for 6 months. Apnea hypopnea index (AHI), lowest oxygen percent saturation (LSaO₂), body mass index (BMI), vallecula epiglottic-lateral pharyngeal wall (V-LPW) and pharyngeal airway space (PAS) were used for the diagnosis and evaluation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The AHI in 32 patients reduced from (78.3 +/- 11.6)/h to (18.4 +/- 12.5)/h (x(-) +/- s), t = 13.5, P = 0.000. The LSaO₂ increased from (0.632 +/- 0.007) to (0.794 +/- 0.006), t = 4.1, P = 0.000. The BMI was statistical indiscriminate. The V-LPW increased from (12.1 +/- 3.2) mm to (16.9 +/- 2.6) mm (t = 2.5, P = 0.014). PAS increased from (9.2 +/- 3.3) mm to (15.6 +/- 2.4) mm (t = 7.6, P = 0.000). The total effective rate was 93.8%. Three genioglossus stabilization patients complained about foreign body sensation in the mouth floor 3 - 7 days after procedures, which disappeared in 6 months. One genioglossus stabilization patients complained about mandibular osteomyelitis 3 months after procedures, which recovered after anti-inflammatory treatment for 5 days. One genioglossus stabilization patients appeared hypoglossia bleeding, which stopped after compression. One hyoid suspension patients showed haematoma of submandibular region and cured after incision and drainage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Repose system was an effective method, safe, simple, with few complications.</p>